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- ID:NO QRAM and "Nothing Useful To Do"
- Quarterdeck Technical Note #147
- by Bob Perry
-
- A. As described on page 1 of your QRAM manual, QRAM has been
- written to perform the following four basic functions on your
- 80286, 8086 or 8088-based PC:
-
- 1. On PC's with EMS 4 or EEMS expanded memory hardware,
- QRAM converts any EXTRA memory spaces your system may have
- within the high memory address range (640K to 1024K, or
- A000-FFFF hex) into High RAM so you can load and run
- programs there with LOADHI, as described in Chapter 4 of
- your QRAM manual.
-
- 2. On 80286 PC's with Chips & Technologies NEAT CHIPSet
- shadow RAM, QRAM will do the same as item #1 above, as
- described on page 9 of your QRAM manual, even if you don't
- have an expanded memory card.
-
- 3. QRAM enables a user willing to forgo the enhanced
- graphics capabilities permitted by EGA and VGA adapter
- cards, or users with monochrome or CGA adapters, to increase
- the memory used by DOS by as much as 96K. For more
- information on this feature refer to page 11 (the
- NOVIDEOFILL parameter) and page 25 (the VIDRAM program), in
- your QRAM manual.
-
- 4. On machines that have one, QRAM automatically moves the
- eXtended BIOS Data Area (XBDA), which is normally at 639K,
- into another address space. Doing so usually enables other
- memory management features, such as extending the memory
- available to DOS using the VIDRAM.COM program, and allowing
- larger programs to run in the background in DESQview.
-
- B. If QRAM determines that none of the above four functions of
- the program can be performed on your system, it will display a
- "nothing useful to do" message to the user. What can the user do
- about this message? After reading Appendix A in your QRAM manual,
- page 37, consider the following:
-
- 1. In order for QRAM to "find something useful to do",
- there must be MORE THAN 64K of memory spaces available
- within the 640K to 1024K memory address range. The first
- 64K is used for the "page frame", or port hole into the
- expanded memory pool, and cannot, by default, be used by
- QRAM. See pages 11, 37, and 46 or your QRAM manual, and
- section "C" of this technical note on the subject of using
- the FRAMELENGTH=0 parameter.
-
- 2. Perhaps you have not configured your expanded memory
- card correctly to allow more than 64K of memory space above
- 640K. Consult the documentation which came with your memory
- board, or the memory board manufacturer, and be sure all
- switch settings or software setup options have been
- correctly enabled. If you use Manifest to examine the
- expanded memory, you can compare your Expanded Pages map
- with those listed in Appendix D of the QRAM manual. 3.
- Some memory managers (and early versions of other managers)
- will only allow CONTIGUOUS memory areas to be mapped. With
- these drivers, moving their page frame as LOW as possible,
- C000 for example, will allow the rest of the memory regions
- to be used by QRAM. Consult your documentation and/or
- memory board manufacturer.
-
- 4. Another possibility is that your shadow RAM has not been
- enabled. Again, your documentation or manufacturer might be
- of assistance here. If your Shadow RAM is not enabled, then
- QRAM can't use it.
-
- 5. QRAM works with your Expanded Memory Manager (EMM.SYS).
- Often a simple typographical error in your CONFIG.SYS can
- prevent your expanded memory manager from loading. Be
- certain your CONFIG.SYS file contains a line:
-
- "device=EMM.SYS"
-
- where the spelling of the EMM driver matches the one you
- have installed on your system. Watch carefully for a banner
- or statement on the screen saying that it has been loaded
- when you reboot your system.
-
- 6. Some expanded memory boards, and motherboards with
- expanded memory hardware, supply an EMS 4 driver even though
- the expanded memory hardware cannot provide more that 64K of
- expanded memory at a time. These systems give software
- applications the ability to access expanded memory, but the
- hardware cannot provide the extra support for more mappable
- pages. QRAM needs more mappable pages. Some board
- manufacturers offer upgrade option chips which will enhance
- their hardware support. Contact your board manufacturer to
- see whether this is an option for you.
-
- C. If you are NOT going to be using expanded memory in your
- programs, QRAM can be made to use your single 64K page frame as
- an area of High RAM. This is done using the FRAMELENGTH=0
- parameter, as described in your QRAM manual. Other programs will
- no longer be able to detect expanded memory, but you will be able
- to use LOADHI to get about 64K of resident programs out of your
- conventional memory (below 640K).
-
- Copyright (C) 1991 by Quarterdeck Office Systems
- * * * E N D O F F I L E * * *